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產(chǎn)地 | 進(jìn)口、國(guó)產(chǎn) |
品牌 | 上海莼試 |
保存條件 | Store at -20 °C |
貨號(hào) | CS9824 |
應(yīng)用范圍 | WB=1:100-500 ELISA=1:500-1000 IHC-P=1:100-500 IHC-F=1:100-500 ICC=1:100-500 IF=1:100-500 |
CAS編號(hào) | |
抗體名 | Anti-nitrated Alpha-synuclein (nitro-Tyr39) |
克隆性 | |
靶點(diǎn) | 詳見(jiàn)說(shuō)明書(shū) |
適應(yīng)物種 | 詳見(jiàn)說(shuō)明書(shū) |
形態(tài) | 詳見(jiàn)說(shuō)明書(shū) |
宿主 | 詳見(jiàn)說(shuō)明書(shū) |
亞型 | IgG |
標(biāo)識(shí)物 | 詳見(jiàn)說(shuō)明書(shū) |
濃度 | 1mg/1ml% |
免疫原 | KLH conjugated Synthesised nitrylpeptide derived from human Alpha-synuclein around the nitrosation site of Tyr39 |
產(chǎn)品訂購(gòu)信息:
英文名稱(chēng) Anti-nitrated Alpha-synuclein (nitro-Tyr39)
中文名稱(chēng) 硝基化α-突觸核蛋白說(shuō)明書(shū)
別 名 SYUA_HUMAN; nitrated Alpha-synuclein (nitrated-Tyr39); nitrated Alpha-synuclein (nitro-Tyr39); nitrated Alpha synuclein; nitrated Alpha-Synuclein; Alpha synuclein; Alpha-synuclein, isoform NACP140; alphaSYN; MGC105443; MGC110988; MGC127560; MGC64356; NACP; Non A beta component of AD amyloid; Non A4 component of amyloid precursor; Non-A-beta component of alzheimers disease amyloid , precursor of; PARK 1; PARK 4; PARK1; PARK4; Parkinson disease familial 1; PD 1; PD1; SNCA; Snca synuclein, alpha (non A4 component of amyloid precursor); Synuclein alpha; Synuclein, alpha (non A4 component of amyloid precursor).
濃 度 1mg/1ml
規(guī) 格 0.1ml/200μg
抗體來(lái)源 Rabbit
克隆類(lèi)型 polyclonal
交叉反應(yīng) Human, Mouse, Rat, Chicken, Dog, Pig, Cow, Horse, Rabbit, Sheep, Guinea Pig
產(chǎn)品類(lèi)型 一抗
研究領(lǐng)域 細(xì)胞生物 神經(jīng)生物學(xué) 細(xì)胞凋亡
蛋白分子量 predicted molecular weight: 15kDa
性 狀 Lyophilized or Liquid
免 疫 原 KLH conjugated Synthesised nitrylpeptide derived from human Alpha-synuclein around the nitrosation site of Tyr39
亞 型 IgG
純化方法 affinity purified by Protein A
儲(chǔ) 存 液 Preservative: 15mM Sodium Azide, Constituents: 1% BSA, 0.01M PBS, pH 7.4
硝基化α-突觸核蛋白說(shuō)明書(shū) 產(chǎn)品應(yīng)用 WB=1:100-500 ELISA=1:500-1000 IHC-P=1:100-500 IHC-F=1:100-500 ICC=1:100-500 IF=1:100-500
(石蠟切片需做抗原修復(fù))
not yet tested in other applications.
optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
保存條件 Store at -20 °C for one year. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles. The lyophilized antibody is stable at room temperature for at least one month and for greater than a year when kept at -20°C. When reconstituted in sterile pH 7.4 0.01M PBS or diluent of antibody the antibody is stable for at least two weeks at 2-4 °C.
Important Note This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
產(chǎn)品介紹 The synuclein family members, including Alpha-synuclein (also designated NACP for non-Beta-Amyloid component) and Beta-synuclein, are predominantly expressed in the brain and are speculated to be involved in synaptic regulation and neuronal plasticity. Alpha-synuclein is localized to neuronal cell bodies and synapses. Alpha-synuclein was first identified as a component of Alzheimer’s disease amyloid plaques. Abnormal platelet function in Alzheimer’s disease has been demonstrated. During megakaryocytic differentiation Alpha-synuclein has been found to be upregulated, while Beta-synuclein is downregulated, indicating that coordinate expression of synucleins may be important during hematopoetic cell differentiation. A mutant form of Alpha-synuclein has been found in patients with early onset Parkinson’s disease.
Function : May be involved in the regulation of dopamine release and transport. Induces fibrillization of microtubule-associated protein tau. Reduces neuronal responsiveness to various apoptotic stimuli, leading to a decreased caspase-3 activation.Subunit : Soluble monomer which can form filamentous aggregates. Interacts with UCHL1. Interacts with phospholipase D and histones.Subcellular Location : Cytoplasm. Membrane. Nucleus. Cell junction, synapse. Note=Membrane-bound in dopaminergic neurons.Tissue Specificity : Expressed principally in brain but is also expressed in low concentrations in all tissues examined except in liver. Concentrated in presynaptic nerve terminals.Post-translational modifications : Phosphorylated, predominantly on serine residues. Phosphorylation by CK1 appears to occur on residues distinct from the residue phosphorylated by other kinases. Phosphorylation of Ser-129 is selective and extensive in synucleinopathy lesions. In vitro, phosphorylation at Ser-129 promoted insoluble fibril formation. Phosphorylated on Tyr-125 by a PTK2B-dependent pathway upon osmotic stress.Hallmark lesions of neurodegenerative synucleinopathies contain alpha-synuclein that is modified by nitration of tyrosine residues and possibly by dityrosine cross-linking to generated stable oligomers.Ubiquitinated. The predominant conjugate is the diubiquitinated form.DISEASE : Note=Genetic alterations of SNCA resulting in aberrant polymerization into fibrils, are associated with several neurodegenerative diseases (synucleinopathies). SNCA fibrillar aggregates represent the major non A-beta component of Alzheimer disease amyloid plaque, and a major component of Lewy body inclusions. They are also found within Lewy body (LB)-like intraneuronal inclusions, glial inclusions and axonal spheroids in neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation type 1.Defects in SNCA are the cause of Parkinson disease type 1 (PARK1) [MIM:168601]. A complex neurodegenerative disorder characterized by bradykinesia, resting tremor, muscular rigidity and postural instability. Additional features are characteristic postural abnormalities, dysautonomia, dystonic cramps, and dementia. The pathology of Parkinson disease involves the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and the presence of Lewy bodies (intraneuronal accumulations of aggregated proteins), in surviving neurons in various areas of the brain. The disease is progressive and usually manifests after the age of 50 years, although early-onset cases (before 50 years) are known. The majority of the cases are sporadic suggesting a multifactorial etiology based on environmental and genetic factors. However, some patients present with a positive family history for the disease. Familial forms of the disease usually begin at earlier ages and are associated with atypical clinical features.Defects in SNCA are the cause of Parkinson disease type 4 (PARK4) [MIM:605543]. A complex neurodegenerative disorder with manifestations ranging from typical Parkinson disease to dementia with Lewy bodies. Clinical features include parkinsonian symptoms (tremor, rigidity, postural instability and bradykinesia), dementia, diffuse Lewy body pathology, autonomic dysfunction, hallucinations and paranoia.Defects in SNCA are the cause of dementia Lewy body (DLB) [MIM:127750]. A neurodegenerative disorder clinically characterized by mental impairment leading to dementia, parkinsonism, often with fluctuating cognitive function, visual hallucinations, falls, syncopal episodes, and sensitivity to neuroleptic medication. Brainstem or cortical intraneuronal accumulations of aggregated proteins (Lewy bodies) are the only essential pathologic features. Patients may also have hippocampal and neocortical senile plaques, sometimes in sufficient number to fulfill the diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer disease.Similarity : Belongs to the synuclein family.
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抗體的生物素化標(biāo)記實(shí)驗(yàn)要點(diǎn):
1. 硝基化α-突觸核蛋白說(shuō)明書(shū) 如在反應(yīng)混合液中有疊氮鈉或游離氨基存在,會(huì)抑制標(biāo)記反應(yīng)。因此,蛋白質(zhì)在反應(yīng)前要對(duì) 0.1mol/L碳酸氫鈉緩沖液或0.5mol/L硼酸緩沖液充分透析;
2.所用的NHSB及待生物素化蛋白質(zhì)之間的分子比按蛋白質(zhì)表面的ε-氨基的密度會(huì)有所不同,選擇不當(dāng)則影響標(biāo)記的效率,應(yīng)先用幾個(gè)不同的分子比來(lái)篩選最適條件;
3.用NHSB量過(guò)量也是不利的,抗原的結(jié)合位點(diǎn)可能因此被封閉,導(dǎo)致抗體失活;
4.由于抗體的氨基不易接近可能造成生物素化不足,此時(shí)可加入去污劑如 Triton x-100, Tween20等;
5.當(dāng)游離ε-氨基(賴(lài)氨酸殘基的氨基)存在于抗體的抗原結(jié)合位點(diǎn)時(shí),或位于酶的催化位點(diǎn)時(shí),生物素化會(huì)降低或損傷抗體蛋白的結(jié)合力或活性;
6.生物素還可能與不同的功能基團(tuán),如羰基、氨基、巰基、異咪唑基及*基,也可與糖基共價(jià)結(jié)合;
7.交聯(lián)反應(yīng)后,應(yīng)充分透析,否則,殘余的生物素會(huì)對(duì)生物素化抗體與親和素的結(jié)合產(chǎn)生競(jìng)爭(zhēng)作用;
8.在細(xì)胞的熒光標(biāo)記實(shí)驗(yàn)中,中和親和素的本底低,但由于鏈霉親和素含有少量正電荷,故對(duì)某些細(xì)胞可導(dǎo)致高本底。
抗體的鑒定:
1)硝基化α-突觸核蛋白說(shuō)明書(shū) 抗體的效價(jià)鑒定:不管是用于診斷還是用于,制備抗體的目的都是要求較高效價(jià)。不同的抗原制備的抗體,要求的效價(jià)不一。鑒定效價(jià)的方法很多,包括有試管凝集反應(yīng),瓊脂擴(kuò)散試驗(yàn),酶聯(lián)免疫吸附試驗(yàn)等。常用的抗原所制備的抗體一般都有約成的鑒定效價(jià)的方法,以資比較。如制備抗抗體的效價(jià),一般就采用瓊脂擴(kuò)散試驗(yàn)來(lái)鑒定。
2)抗體的特異性鑒定:抗體的特異性是指與相應(yīng)抗原或近似抗原物質(zhì)的識(shí)別能力??贵w的特異性高,它的識(shí)別能力就強(qiáng)。衡量特異性通常以交叉反應(yīng)率來(lái)表示。交叉反應(yīng)率可用競(jìng)爭(zhēng)抑制試驗(yàn)測(cè)定。以不同濃度抗原和近似抗原分別做競(jìng)爭(zhēng)抑制曲線,計(jì)算各自的結(jié)合率,求出各自在IC50時(shí)的濃度,并按公式計(jì)算交叉反應(yīng)率。
如果所用抗原濃度IC50濃度為pg/管,而一些近似抗原物質(zhì)的IC50濃度幾乎是無(wú)窮大時(shí),表示這一抗血清與其他抗原物質(zhì)的交叉反應(yīng)率近似為0,即該血清的特異性較好。
3)抗體親和力:是指抗體和抗原結(jié)合的牢固程度。親和力的高低是由抗原分子的大小,抗體分子的結(jié)合位點(diǎn)與抗原決定簇之間立體構(gòu)型的合適度決定的。有助于維持抗原抗體復(fù)合物穩(wěn)定的分子間力有氫鍵,疏水鍵,側(cè)鏈相反電荷基因的庫(kù)侖力,范德華力和空間斥力。親和力常以親和常數(shù)K表示,K的單位是L/mol??贵w親和力的測(cè)定對(duì)抗體的篩選,確定抗體的用途,驗(yàn)證抗體的均一性等均有重要意義。